Preliminary Investigations for Landfill Siting in Lafia, Nasarawa State of Central Nigeria
Namo Micah Musa,
Mallo Stephen,
Wazoh Hannatu,
Ikeadighi Jane,
Elaigwu Samuel,
Lucas Dan
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
73-84
Received:
30 July 2020
Accepted:
17 August 2020
Published:
31 December 2020
Abstract: Waste management has taken the front purview in recent years due to the evident and attendant effects of indiscriminate disposal of wastes to the environment. This led to the preliminary investigations for the proposed siting of a landfill facility in Lafia and environs of Nasarawa State in Central Nigeria, with the aim of providing valuable information on the suitability for location for the disposal of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). The combined use of geo-resistivity, geological and hydrogeological investigations were carried out for the study. Ten Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) of the Schlumberger array was used to investigate the properties of the subsurface lithologies to determine their properties especially, clay, for siting a landfill. Clay, an attenuating material, is significant for siting a landfill facility because it tends to isolate potentially toxic wastes from the environment by slowing down the movement of leachates into groundwater and the environmental. Quantitative interpretation of data of the VES survey using the IPI2win computer software revealed the presence of four to five geologic layers comprising of sandy top soil (247 – 1964Ωm), silty sand (98 – 3488Ωm), clayey-shally/sand (68 – 3922Ωm), saturated clayey sand (31 – 3226Ωm) and loose sand (478Ωm). Clay was found to be abundant in the area and found at depths ranging from 30m to infinity. Geologically, structures like lineaments abound and were analysed; they show a dominant trend in the NW – SE direction from the Rosette Diagram. Lineaments are useful for studies because they are possible conduits where decomposed wastes in liquid form, such as leachates, get transported to pollute groundwater. Hydrogeological studies surveyed Static Water Levels (SWL) measurement from 51 hand dug wells in the study area. The SWL ranges between 5.8m and 37.1m. The data from the SWL was used to construct the absolute water level map in a 3D form to show the flow direction of the groundwater. The study revealed the presence of impermeable clays at VES 1, 2, 3, 9 and 10. This is significant for selection for landfill due to its pollution-prevention properties of groundwater pollution. The investigations carried out in this study show that Shabu, a town located about 8km from Lafia, is likely suitable for siting a landfill facility; because of the abundance of clay at a shallow depth of 30m and with limited preponderance of lineaments.
Abstract: Waste management has taken the front purview in recent years due to the evident and attendant effects of indiscriminate disposal of wastes to the environment. This led to the preliminary investigations for the proposed siting of a landfill facility in Lafia and environs of Nasarawa State in Central Nigeria, with the aim of providing valuable inform...
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Production of Electricity from Human Waste as a Strategy for Curbing Electricity Generation Problem in Nigeria
Nwogu Ngozi Claribelle,
Izuwa Nkemakolam Chinedu,
Ohia Princewill Nnaemeka,
Ekwueme Stanley Toochukwu
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
85-96
Received:
2 January 2020
Accepted:
8 January 2020
Published:
31 December 2020
Abstract: This paper proposes method for generation of electricity using human waste. The human waste was subjected to anaerobic digestion in the biodigester which was taken to be the septic tank with little modification to enhance biogas production and collection. Biogas produced and collected was subjected to treatment to remove CO2 and H2S which were the major corrosive contaminants principally present in the raw biogas stream in order to prepare it as inlet gas for the gas turbine plant. Both single and combine cycle gas turbines were evaluated based on their capacities and electrical power output from unit volume of biomethane gas. FUTO NNDC Hostel with a capacity of 696 students was taken as case study. From the results, it was realised that a total biogas volume of 35 m3 was produced daily from the NDDC hostel. This gave a total biomethane volume after treatment of 22.75 m3. When this biomethane volume was used for electricity generation, it produced an electrical power of 5.21 KW per day for combine cycle gas turbine and 3.22 KW per day for single cycle gas turbine. The results on power usage reveals that the power generated from the NDDC hostel per day will serve the electrical energy needs of 626 households using a daily electrical energy of 0.2kwh if CCGT was used for power generation, and a total of 387 households using the same energy needs of 0.2kWh if single cycle gas turbine were used for power generation.
Abstract: This paper proposes method for generation of electricity using human waste. The human waste was subjected to anaerobic digestion in the biodigester which was taken to be the septic tank with little modification to enhance biogas production and collection. Biogas produced and collected was subjected to treatment to remove CO2 and H2S which were the ...
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